Acetylcholine Receptor (ACHR) Antibody Test

Skeletal muscle fibers have protein receptors (acetylcholine receptors) on their surface. When an autoimmune condition develops in the body, autoantibodies are produced against the AChR receptors. Such antibodies are known as AChR antibodies. These antibodies prevent the activation of the acetylcholine receptors by impeding communication between the skeletal muscles and the nerves, thus preventing muscle contraction and causing muscle fatigue. When this happens, a very rare condition known as myasthenia gravis (MG) develops. Therefore, an Acetylcholine receptor antibody test is recommended to measure the levels of these antibodies and diagnose the condition.

Why is the test ordered?

The test may be ordered to diagnose myasthenia gravis and to confirm the presence of the disease in the body. The test for Myasthenia gravis helps in differentiating between congenital and acquired diseases, as well as for monitoring the progression of the disease and immunotherapy response.

When is the test ordered?

The test may be ordered if an individual experiences the signs and symptoms that indicate myasthenia gravis.

These include:

Difficulty in movement control

Vision problems

Drooping eyelids,

Muscle weakness

Diminishing eyelid and eye movement control

Difficulty in walking

Difficulty in breathing

Weak neck and head

Extreme muscle weakness

Slurred speech

Difficulty in swallowing and chewing

How is the sample collected?

A blood sample is collected from a vein in the arm.

How to prepare for the test?